The reason we have suffering

Pascal, On Diversion/Divertissement:

When I have occasionally set myself to consider the different distractions of men, the pains and perils to which they expose themselves at court or in war, whence arise so many quarrels, passions, bold and often bad ventures, etc., I have discovered that all the unhappiness of men arises from one single fact, that they cannot stay quietly in their own chamber. A man who has enough to live on, if he knew how to stay with pleasure at home, would not leave it to go to sea or to besiege a town. A commission in the army would not be bought so dearly, but that it is found insufferable not to budge from the town; and men only seek conversation and entering games, because they cannot remain with pleasure at home.

Quand je m’y suis mis quelquefois à considérer les diverses agitations des hommes et les périls et les peines où ils s’exposent dans la Cour, dans la guerre, d’où naissent tant de querelles, de passions, d’entreprises hardies et souvent mauvaises, etc., j’ai dit souvent que tout le malheur des hommes vient d’une seule chose, qui est de ne savoir pas demeurer en repos dans une chambre. Un homme qui a assez de bien pour vivre, s’il savait demeurer chez soi avec plaisir, n’en sortirait pas pour aller sur la mer ou au siège d’une place. On n’achète une charge à l’armée si cher, que parce qu’on trouverait insupportable de ne bouger de la ville. Et on ne recherche les conversations et les divertissements des jeux que parce qu’on ne peut demeurer chez soi avec plaisir.

Responded to by Vauvenargues’ Maxime 198:

Fire, air, intellect, light – everything exists by virtue of activity. Thence come the interaction and co-operation of all the elements; thence unity and harmony in the universe. However, this law of nature, so fruitful in result, is found to be an offence in mankind, and because we are compelled to observe it, being unable to exist in inactivity, we suppose we are out of our proper element.

Le feu, l’air, l’esprit, la lumière, tout vit par l’action ; de là la communication et l’alliance de tous les êtres ; de là l’unité et l’harmonie dans l’univers Cependant cette loi de la nature, si féconde, nous trouvons que c’est un vice dans l’homme ; et, parce qu’il est obligé d’y obéir, ne pouvant subsister dans le repos, nous concluons qu’il est hors de sa place.

And – somewhat out of context but it’s what launched this association chain – Lao-Tzu section 13 of the Tao Teo Ching:

The reason we have suffering / is because we have a body / if we didn’t have a body / we wouldn’t have suffering

There are related Seneca and Plotinus quotes I can’t manage to call to mind and surely countless others worth citing in this line of dialogue.

Today when I met Lao-tzu, it was like meeting a dragon

From Red Pine’s introduction to his edition of the Taoteching.  Something like a Chinese version of Solon and Croesus, only with better thinkers and more likely to be true.

In the same year [516BC], the Keeper of the Royal Archives, which were still in
Wangcheng, received a visitor from the state of Lu. The visitor was a young
man named Kung Fu-tzu, or Confucius. Confucius was interested in ritual
and asked Lao-tzu about the ceremonies of the ancient kings.

According to Ssu-ma Ch’ien, Lao-tzu responded with this advice: “The ancients you admire have been in the ground a long time. Their bones have
turned to dust. Only their words remain. Those among them who were wise
rode in carriages when times were good and slipped quietly away when times
were bad. I have heard that the clever merchant hides his wealth so his store
looks empty and that the superior man acts dumb so he can avoid calling
attention to himself. I advise you to get rid of your excessive pride and
ambition. They won’t do you any good. This is all I have to say to you.” Afterwards, Confucius told his disciples, “Today when I met Lao-tzu, it was like
meeting a dragon.”